articles/scheme.md: new article

This commit is contained in:
tocariimaa 2025-02-12 01:57:17 -03:00
parent 4102a4a2fa
commit 93a99e16c4

42
articles/scheme.md Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
# Scheme
Scheme is [Lisp](lisp.md) dialect created in 1975 by Guy Steele and Gerald Sussman at the MIT. Scheme is
minimalistic and elegant leaning towards a functional programming paradigm, being the language used in the
famous [SICP](sicp.md) book (using the MIT/GNU Scheme implementation).
Scheme is standardized in a series of documents called *Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language Scheme* (RnRS) (where the `n` stands for
the version), being the most popular revision the R5RS standard released in 1998.
## Controversy around the R6RS revision (The Great Bloatening)
In 2003 work in a new revision of Scheme began, R6RS, finished in 2007. This new revision was controversial since it
added additional features that Scheme hackers deemed as a departure from Scheme's minimalism. In a attempt to amend this,
work on R7RS began, splitting Scheme into two different (but still similar) languages, differing in the amount of features;
a big language for "practical" use and a small minimalistic version.
## Implementations
Since Scheme (specially the R5RS standard) is simple, there are multiple implementations:
- [CHICKEN Scheme](https://call-cc.org/): compiler (AOT) and interpreter.
- [MIT/GNU Scheme](https://www.gnu.org/software/mit-scheme/): compiler, one of the "original" implementations, also includes a debugger.
- [Chez Scheme](https://cisco.github.io/ChezScheme/): another classic compiler, freed in 2016.
- ...
## Examples
### Hello World
```scheme
(display "Hello, Scheme!")
```
### Factorial
```scheme
(define (fact n acc)
(if (zero? n)
acc
(fact (- n 1) (* acc n))))
(let ((ns '(4 0 5 10 1)))
(for-each (lambda (n)
(display n)
(display "! = ")
(display (fact n 1))
(newline))
ns))
```